Multifunctional vegetated wall for thermal insulation and gray water treatment of buildings

People are beginning to understand sustainable natural solutions in the last several decades to reduce floods and temperature in metropolitan areas, which have been rising owing to many factors like urbanisation and climate change.The population of cities has been growing as a result of fast urbanisation, which has also caused an increase in buildings and other man-made structures, which has contributed to an increase in urban heat. Recently, multifunctional walls and roofs have gained popularity as a means of combating urban heat and flood mitigation. Grey water is regarded as one type of wastewater and is the waste water produced by showers, kitchen sinks, and washing machines in residential, commercial, and industrial settings. Untreated wastewater discharge into the ecosystem has many negative repercussions, and grey water treatment is on the rise. The creation, analysis, and optimization of a model are the main topics of this study in order to enhance the functioning of a multifunctional vegetated wall.Incomin

A record of anopthalmia in Mystus tengara (Hamilton, 1822) from Assam

An abnormal case of anopthalmia in a striped catfish Mystus tengara (66.8 mm in standard length) from Assam is reported in this communication. Thirty eight morphological characters of the abnormal specimen were also studied and compared with normal specimens to observe variation in the morpho-meristic traits, if any. In the abnormal specimen, the proportionate height of the dorsal fin (31.1 mm) and nasal barbel length (75.9 mm) was found to be higher compared to that of the normal specimens (21.6 – 26.5 mm and 47.9 – 72.5 mm, respectively). While the body depth of anus was higher in case of normal specimens (19.1 – 29.2 mm) compared to abnormal specimen (14.5 mm). However, no marked variation was observed in meristic characters. This anomaly does not seem to have affected morphological aspects. Factors like weed infestation, pesticide and herbicide application adversely affecting the habitat is believed to be the cause of such deformity. The abnormality does not seem to have affected the overall growth of the fish

Morphometric and meristic variation of congeneric sciaenid fishes Otolithes cuvieri Trewavas, 1974 and Otolithes ruber (Schneider, 1801) from Maharashtra, west coast of India

80-86Two closely related species Otolithes cuvieri, Trewavas, 1974 and Otolithes ruber, (Schneider, 1801) have been differentiated based on morphometric and meristic traits. A simple yet useful criterion based on a pair of canine teeth present on the upper and lower jaw as well as position of the mouth is currently used to differentiate two congeneric sciaenid fish species the O. cuvieri and O. ruber. Findings of the present study indicated that simply two morphometric and meristic characters are sufficient to differentiate these two species. MANOVA (Multivariate analysis of variance) and stepwise discriminant function were used to decide the morphometric traits, significant for differentiation of the species of family Sciaenidae. Discriminant function analysis revealed that 98 % of the species were correctly classified based on five morphometric characters namely Pre-pectoral fin length (PPFL), Pre-anal fin length (PAL), Post orbital head length (POHL), Post anal fin length (POAL) and Body depth (BD). The m-transformed morphometric traits were found to be useful tools in generating canonical variables in differentiating the species. The first canonical variables showed altogether 98 % variance. The scatter plots by first three canonical variables have well differentiated the species. Two meristic characters such as the number of gillrakers present on lower limb of first gill arch and figure of arborescent appendages on the swim bladder are important in differentiation of these species

A study on health profile of geriatric population in an urban slum of bijapur

Background: Advances in medical field have increased the longevity of people by reducing morbidity and mortality to a great extent. With the increase in longevity, problems related to old age have also increased. These problems are more confounded by social factors. Objective: To assess the various health problems faced by elderly people and suggest the remedial measures so that effective preventive and promotive measures can be implemented. Methodology: Community based cross-sectional study of the elderly persons residing in an urban slum of Bijapur. Results: Among acute health problems most common were arthritis (39%) and bronchitis (20.8%). Most common chronic illness observed was respiratory illness 19% (COPD and asthma) fallowed by visual impairment (11.5%), arthritis (11.1%), and hypertension (9.1%) Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) showed that majority of respondents 297 (60%) were having the normal score. Conclusion: The pattern of geriatric health problems have different characteristics and hence require a specific type of screening programme based on the finding of various geriatric health studies

Mitochondrial DNA marker reveals shallow genetic structuring in Priacanthus hamrur (Forsskål, 1775) along the Indian coast

Priacanthus hamrur (Forsskål, 1775), a marine perch belonging to the family Priacanthidae commonly known as “bulls eye” has started emerging as an important fishery resource in the trawl landings along both the west and east coasts of India. In the present study, genetic stock structure of P. hamrur inhabiting Indian coastal waters was ascertained with mitochondrial DNA sequences from the cytochrome b (cyt-b) gene using samples of the species collected in two samplings from five different geographical locations, viz. Chennai and Visakhapatnam (east coast) and Cochin, Mumbai and Veraval (West coast). Partial sequence of cyt-b gene of P. hamrur from 5 representative regions along the coastal zones was amplified by PCR. The cyt- b marker revealed high haplotype diversity coupled with very low nucleotide diversity within each population, as well as low genetic distance, high gene flow, and high mitochondrial DNA similarity among all five populations. Phylogenetic trees and pairwise analyses demonstrated a very small divergence (0.43-0.64%) between the populations, suggesting the lack of population subdivisions. The overall lack of genetic subdivision among samples was also detected by the analysis of molecular variance, and pairwise FST values. Furthermore, the results of this study revealed a pattern of high nucleotide homology among the adjacent populations, and a small number of nucleotide changes among disjunct populations, leading us to conclude that there is a genetic connectivity among the populations of P.hamrur inhabiting the coastal waters of India

DESIGN, DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PACLITAXEL LOADED SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLES AS A COLLOIDAL DRUG CARRIER

Objective: This study was aimed to design and characterize Paclitaxel-loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLNs) to achieve site specificity,reduce toxicity and sustained release pattern. Methods: Paclitaxel-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles were fabricated by microemulsion followed by probe sonication technique using stearic acid as lipid and stabilized of the mixture of surfactants. In this study, 32 full factorial design was employed for optimizing the concentration of lipid as stearic acid and surfactant (soya lecithin) for the nanoparticles. The optimization was done by studying the dependent variable of particle size and % entrapment efficiency. Results: The results showed that the paclitaxel-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles prepared with the concentration of 33.31 % stearic acid and 500 mg of soya lecithin were optimum characteristic than other formulations. They showed the average particles size 149±4.10 nm and PDI 250±2.04. The zeta potential, % EE and % drug loading capacity was found to be respectively-29.7, 93.38±1.90 and 0.81±0.01. The optimized batch of Paclitaxel SLNs exhibited spherical shape with smooth surface analyzed by Transmission Electron Microscopy. In vitro study showed sustained release profile and was found to follow Higuchi Kinetics Equation. Conclusion: The SLNs of paclitaxel m et al. l the requirements of a colloidal drug delivery system. They had a particle size in nanosize; their size distribution was narrow and all the particles were in a spherical shape

from pediococcus pentosaceus isolated from Kurdai

Kurdai is a traditional fermented whole wheat snack food, native to Maharashtra and parts of Gujarat. The microbes responsible for kurdai fermentation have been successfully isolated and identified as Leuconostoc lactis, Pedicoccus pentosaceus, Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus hominis, Klebsiella pneumonia and Lactobacillus plantarum. Pedicoccus pentosaceus one of microbes responsible for kurdai fermentation were identified. In the present work, Pedicoccus pentosaceus was explored for the production of pediocin which is a Class II bacteriocin produced by lactic acid bacteria, because they are heat stable and non-modified lantibiotics. Bacteriocins have been drawing the attention of the food industry because of their increased specificity and effectiveness at low concentrations in order to prevent the development of pathogens. The activity of pediocin was evaluated using various commercial strains as indicators such as Escherichia coli MTCC 40, Bacillus cereus MTCC 1272, Leuconostoc mesenteroides NCIM 2198, Lactobacillus fermentum NCIM 2165 and Lactobacillus helveticus NCIM 2733. It was shown that the highest pediocin activity was expressed against Lactobacillus helveticus NCIM 2733 with 4.89 + 0.13 Activity Units (AU)/mL being produced. Pediocin production was then optimized by controlling the incubation time, temperature seed age, inoculum density and initial pH of the growth media.Fil: Pavitra, Krishna Kumar. Institute of Chemical Technology. Food Engineering and Technology Department; IndiaFil: Deshmukh, Shrinivas R.. Institute of Chemical Technology. Food Engineering and Technology Department; IndiaFil: Sonawane, Sachin K.. Institute of Chemical Technology. Food Engineering and Technology Department; IndiaFil: Leblanc, Jean Guy Joseph. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucuman. Centro de Referencia Para Lactobacilos; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Facultad de Medicina; ArgentinaFil: Arya, Shalini S.. Institute of Chemical Technology. Food Engineering and Technology Department; Indi

Morphometric and meristic variation of congeneric sciaenid fishes Otolithes cuvieri Trewavas, 1974 and Otolithes ruber (Schneider, 1801) from Maharashtra, west coast of India

Two closely related species Otolithes cuvieri, Trewavas, 1974 and Otolithes ruber, (Schneider, 1801) have been differentiated based on morphometric and meristic traits. A simple yet useful criterion based on a pair of canine teeth present on the upper and lower jaw as well as position of the mouth is currently used to differentiate two congeneric sciaenid fish species the O. cuvieri and O. ruber. Findings of the present study indicated that simply two morphometric and meristic characters are sufficient to differentiate these two species. MANOVA (Multivariate analysis of variance) and stepwise discriminant function were used to decide the morphometric traits, significant for differentiation of the species of family Sciaenidae. Discriminant function analysis revealed that 98 % of the species were correctly classified based on five morphometric characters namely Pre-pectoral fin length (PPFL), Pre-anal fin length (PAL), Post orbital head length (POHL), Post anal fin length (POAL) and Body depth (BD). The m-transformed morphometric traits were found to be useful tools in generating canonical variables in differentiating the species. The first canonical variables showed altogether 98 % variance. The scatter plots by first three canonical variables have well differentiated the species. Two meristic characters such as the number of gillrakers present on lower limb of first gill arch and figure of arborescent appendages on the swim bladder are important in differentiation of these species

Multipurpose Pedal Operated Power Generation and Water Pumping

Diversion is required for basically right success, for the traverse of endeavor ton of constrain is used by using human which is misused. This waste vitality is used for the workplace cycle and to run pump manhandle our attempt appear. We tend to waste gushing imperativeness into a fundamental power. With eco-pleasing methodology In this venture work an endeavor has been made to improvement of theoretical model of water pumping and battery charging cross mentor that is easy to use, easy to attempt and do work out, spare & stores the vitality of the clients muscle endeavors. Once the human works the pedal, the pump is propelled and consequently the water is wired from ground sump to the tank. Subsequently no extra water is squandered. In our venture a demo of this is frequently appeared. At indistinguishable time the associated generator (i.e., is mounted near the V-belt) works and subsequently the vitality is recover into current.This is often wont to charge the mobile exploitation mobile charging circuit. It additionally includes a separate unit known as generator, connected to back wheel of the cycle as just in case of pump through V-belt and simple machine affiliation. This generator additionally converts energy into associate current. The generated current is hold on in battery with the assistance of wires. The stored electrical energy is employed after we are required

An overview of health concerns among elderly population

Background: Urbanisation, nuclearisation of family, migration, and dual career families are making care of the elderly more and more of a personal and social problem in India. Objective: Assess the concerns about health issues among elderly people. Methodology: Community based cross-sectional study. Results: 64.4% of the elders were treated well and about 22.9% were treated very well during illness. 86.3% were consulted during illness. Son was the care taker in 55.6% of study subjects. 70.6% of elderly were consulted to allopathic practitioners / Govt Hospitals. Conclusion: It is the responsibility of family to look after elderly in respectful manner, especially during illness. The government should frame policies and provide social and economical security to elders